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Note that exceptions form a
class hierarchy. The exception actually thrown
when a file does not exist is an instance of the
FileNotFoundException class.
Because the IOException class is a superclass of the
FileNotFoundException class, the FileNotFoundException
instance is also an instance of the IOException class, enabling the
catch block with the IOException parameter to catch
FileNotFoundException instances.
A catch block with an Exception parameter will catch instances of
any exception.
*-----------------------*
| Exception |
*-----------------------*
^
| extends
*-----------------------*
| IOException |
*-----------------------*
^ ^
| | extends
| *------------------------*
| |
| extends |
*-----------------------* *----------------
| FileNotFoundException | |
*-----------------------* *-------------