Parameters used as input for the PKIX CertPathBuilder algorithm.

A PKIX CertPathBuilder uses these parameters to build a CertPath which has been validated according to the PKIX certification path validation algorithm.

To instantiate a PKIXBuilderParameters object, an application must specify one or more most-trusted CAs as defined by the PKIX certification path validation algorithm. The most-trusted CA can be specified using one of two constructors. An application can call PKIXBuilderParameters(Set, CertSelector) , specifying a Set of TrustAnchor objects, each of which identifies a most-trusted CA. Alternatively, an application can call PKIXBuilderParameters(KeyStore, CertSelector) , specifying a KeyStore instance containing trusted certificate entries, each of which will be considered as a most-trusted CA.

In addition, an application must specify constraints on the target certificate that the CertPathBuilder will attempt to build a path to. The constraints are specified as a CertSelector object. These constraints should provide the CertPathBuilder with enough search criteria to find the target certificate. Minimal criteria for an X509Certificate usually include the subject name and/or one or more subject alternative names. If enough criteria is not specified, the CertPathBuilder may throw a CertPathBuilderException.

Concurrent Access

Unless otherwise specified, the methods defined in this class are not thread-safe. Multiple threads that need to access a single object concurrently should synchronize amongst themselves and provide the necessary locking. Multiple threads each manipulating separate objects need not synchronize.

@version
1.15 12/19/03
@since
1.4
@author
Sean Mullan
Creates an instance of PKIXBuilderParameters with the specified Set of most-trusted CAs. Each element of the set is a TrustAnchor .

Note that the Set is copied to protect against subsequent modifications.

Parameters
trustAnchorsa Set of TrustAnchors
targetConstraintsa CertSelector specifying the constraints on the target certificate
Throws
InvalidAlgorithmParameterExceptionif trustAnchors is empty (trustAnchors.isEmpty() == true)
NullPointerExceptionif trustAnchors is null
ClassCastExceptionif any of the elements of trustAnchors are not of type java.security.cert.TrustAnchor
Creates an instance of PKIXBuilderParameters that populates the set of most-trusted CAs from the trusted certificate entries contained in the specified KeyStore. Only keystore entries that contain trusted X509Certificates are considered; all other certificate types are ignored.
Parameters
keystorea KeyStore from which the set of most-trusted CAs will be populated
targetConstraintsa CertSelector specifying the constraints on the target certificate
Throws
KeyStoreExceptionif keystore has not been initialized
InvalidAlgorithmParameterExceptionif keystore does not contain at least one trusted certificate entry
NullPointerExceptionif keystore is null
Adds a PKIXCertPathChecker to the list of certification path checkers. See the setCertPathCheckers method for more details.

Note that the PKIXCertPathChecker is cloned to protect against subsequent modifications.

Parameters
checkera PKIXCertPathChecker to add to the list of checks. If null, the checker is ignored (not added to list).
Adds a CertStore to the end of the list of CertStores used in finding certificates and CRLs.
Parameters
storethe CertStore to add. If null, the store is ignored (not added to list).
Makes a copy of this PKIXParameters object. Changes to the copy will not affect the original and vice versa.
Return
a copy of this PKIXParameters object
Indicates whether some other object is "equal to" this one.

The equals method implements an equivalence relation on non-null object references:

  • It is reflexive: for any non-null reference value x, x.equals(x) should return true.
  • It is symmetric: for any non-null reference values x and y, x.equals(y) should return true if and only if y.equals(x) returns true.
  • It is transitive: for any non-null reference values x, y, and z, if x.equals(y) returns true and y.equals(z) returns true, then x.equals(z) should return true.
  • It is consistent: for any non-null reference values x and y, multiple invocations of x.equals(y) consistently return true or consistently return false, provided no information used in equals comparisons on the objects is modified.
  • For any non-null reference value x, x.equals(null) should return false.

The equals method for class Object implements the most discriminating possible equivalence relation on objects; that is, for any non-null reference values x and y, this method returns true if and only if x and y refer to the same object (x == y has the value true).

Note that it is generally necessary to override the hashCode method whenever this method is overridden, so as to maintain the general contract for the hashCode method, which states that equal objects must have equal hash codes.

Parameters
objthe reference object with which to compare.
Return
true if this object is the same as the obj argument; false otherwise.
Returns the List of certification path checkers. The returned List is immutable, and each PKIXCertPathChecker in the List is cloned to protect against subsequent modifications.
Return
an immutable List of PKIXCertPathCheckers (may be empty, but not null)
Returns an immutable List of CertStores that are used to find certificates and CRLs.
Return
an immutable List of CertStores (may be empty, but never null)
Returns the runtime class of an object. That Class object is the object that is locked by static synchronized methods of the represented class.
Return
The java.lang.Class object that represents the runtime class of the object. The result is of type {@code Class} where X is the erasure of the static type of the expression on which getClass is called.
Returns the time for which the validity of the certification path should be determined. If null, the current time is used.

Note that the Date returned is copied to protect against subsequent modifications.

Return
the Date, or null if not set
See Also
Returns an immutable Set of initial policy identifiers (OID strings), indicating that any one of these policies would be acceptable to the certificate user for the purposes of certification path processing. The default return value is an empty Set, which is interpreted as meaning that any policy would be acceptable.
Return
an immutable Set of initial policy OIDs in String format, or an empty Set (implying any policy is acceptable). Never returns null.
Returns the value of the maximum number of intermediate non-self-issued certificates that may exist in a certification path. See the #setMaxPathLength method for more details.
Return
the maximum number of non-self-issued intermediate certificates that may exist in a certification path, or -1 if there is no limit
Gets the PolicyQualifiersRejected flag. If this flag is true, certificates that include policy qualifiers in a certificate policies extension that is marked critical are rejected. If the flag is false, certificates are not rejected on this basis.

When a PKIXParameters object is created, this flag is set to true. This setting reflects the most common (and simplest) strategy for processing policy qualifiers. Applications that want to use a more sophisticated policy must set this flag to false.

Return
the current value of the PolicyQualifiersRejected flag
Returns the signature provider's name, or null if not set.
Return
the signature provider's name (or null)
Returns the required constraints on the target certificate. The constraints are returned as an instance of CertSelector. If null, no constraints are defined.

Note that the CertSelector returned is cloned to protect against subsequent modifications.

Return
a CertSelector specifying the constraints on the target certificate (or null)
Returns an immutable Set of the most-trusted CAs.
Return
an immutable Set of TrustAnchors (never null)
Returns a hash code value for the object. This method is supported for the benefit of hashtables such as those provided by java.util.Hashtable.

The general contract of hashCode is:

  • Whenever it is invoked on the same object more than once during an execution of a Java application, the hashCode method must consistently return the same integer, provided no information used in equals comparisons on the object is modified. This integer need not remain consistent from one execution of an application to another execution of the same application.
  • If two objects are equal according to the equals(Object) method, then calling the hashCode method on each of the two objects must produce the same integer result.
  • It is not required that if two objects are unequal according to the method, then calling the hashCode method on each of the two objects must produce distinct integer results. However, the programmer should be aware that producing distinct integer results for unequal objects may improve the performance of hashtables.

As much as is reasonably practical, the hashCode method defined by class Object does return distinct integers for distinct objects. (This is typically implemented by converting the internal address of the object into an integer, but this implementation technique is not required by the JavaTM programming language.)

Return
a hash code value for this object.
Checks whether the any policy OID should be processed if it is included in a certificate.
Return
true if the any policy OID is inhibited, false otherwise
Checks if explicit policy is required. If this flag is true, an acceptable policy needs to be explicitly identified in every certificate. By default, the ExplicitPolicyRequired flag is false.
Return
true if explicit policy is required, false otherwise
Checks if policy mapping is inhibited. If this flag is true, policy mapping is inhibited. By default, policy mapping is not inhibited (the flag is false).
Return
true if policy mapping is inhibited, false otherwise
Checks the RevocationEnabled flag. If this flag is true, the default revocation checking mechanism of the underlying PKIX service provider will be used. If this flag is false, the default revocation checking mechanism will be disabled (not used). See the setRevocationEnabled method for more details on setting the value of this flag.
Return
the current value of the RevocationEnabled flag
Wakes up a single thread that is waiting on this object's monitor. If any threads are waiting on this object, one of them is chosen to be awakened. The choice is arbitrary and occurs at the discretion of the implementation. A thread waits on an object's monitor by calling one of the wait methods.

The awakened thread will not be able to proceed until the current thread relinquishes the lock on this object. The awakened thread will compete in the usual manner with any other threads that might be actively competing to synchronize on this object; for example, the awakened thread enjoys no reliable privilege or disadvantage in being the next thread to lock this object.

This method should only be called by a thread that is the owner of this object's monitor. A thread becomes the owner of the object's monitor in one of three ways:

  • By executing a synchronized instance method of that object.
  • By executing the body of a synchronized statement that synchronizes on the object.
  • For objects of type Class, by executing a synchronized static method of that class.

Only one thread at a time can own an object's monitor.

Throws
IllegalMonitorStateExceptionif the current thread is not the owner of this object's monitor.
Wakes up all threads that are waiting on this object's monitor. A thread waits on an object's monitor by calling one of the wait methods.

The awakened threads will not be able to proceed until the current thread relinquishes the lock on this object. The awakened threads will compete in the usual manner with any other threads that might be actively competing to synchronize on this object; for example, the awakened threads enjoy no reliable privilege or disadvantage in being the next thread to lock this object.

This method should only be called by a thread that is the owner of this object's monitor. See the notify method for a description of the ways in which a thread can become the owner of a monitor.

Throws
IllegalMonitorStateExceptionif the current thread is not the owner of this object's monitor.
Sets state to determine if the any policy OID should be processed if it is included in a certificate. By default, the any policy OID is not inhibited ( returns false).
Parameters
valtrue if the any policy OID is to be inhibited, false otherwise
Sets a List of additional certification path checkers. If the specified List contains an object that is not a PKIXCertPathChecker, it is ignored.

Each PKIXCertPathChecker specified implements additional checks on a certificate. Typically, these are checks to process and verify private extensions contained in certificates. Each PKIXCertPathChecker should be instantiated with any initialization parameters needed to execute the check.

This method allows sophisticated applications to extend a PKIX CertPathValidator or CertPathBuilder. Each of the specified PKIXCertPathCheckers will be called, in turn, by a PKIX CertPathValidator or CertPathBuilder for each certificate processed or validated.

Regardless of whether these additional PKIXCertPathCheckers are set, a PKIX CertPathValidator or CertPathBuilder must perform all of the required PKIX checks on each certificate. The one exception to this rule is if the RevocationEnabled flag is set to false (see the setRevocationEnabled method).

Note that the List supplied here is copied and each PKIXCertPathChecker in the list is cloned to protect against subsequent modifications.

Parameters
checkersa List of PKIXCertPathCheckers. May be null, in which case no additional checkers will be used.
Throws
ClassCastExceptionif any of the elements in the list are not of type java.security.cert.PKIXCertPathChecker
Sets the list of CertStores to be used in finding certificates and CRLs. May be null, in which case no CertStores will be used. The first CertStores in the list may be preferred to those that appear later.

Note that the List is copied to protect against subsequent modifications.

Parameters
storesa List of CertStores (or null)
Throws
ClassCastExceptionif any of the elements in the list are not of type java.security.cert.CertStore
Sets the time for which the validity of the certification path should be determined. If null, the current time is used.

Note that the Date supplied here is copied to protect against subsequent modifications.

Parameters
datethe Date, or null for the current time
See Also
Sets the ExplicitPolicyRequired flag. If this flag is true, an acceptable policy needs to be explicitly identified in every certificate. By default, the ExplicitPolicyRequired flag is false.
Parameters
valtrue if explicit policy is to be required, false otherwise
Sets the Set of initial policy identifiers (OID strings), indicating that any one of these policies would be acceptable to the certificate user for the purposes of certification path processing. By default, any policy is acceptable (i.e. all policies), so a user that wants to allow any policy as acceptable does not need to call this method, or can call it with an empty Set (or null).

Note that the Set is copied to protect against subsequent modifications.

Parameters
initialPoliciesa Set of initial policy OIDs in String format (or null)
Throws
ClassCastExceptionif any of the elements in the set are not of type String
Sets the value of the maximum number of non-self-issued intermediate certificates that may exist in a certification path. A certificate is self-issued if the DNs that appear in the subject and issuer fields are identical and are not empty. Note that the last certificate in a certification path is not an intermediate certificate, and is not included in this limit. Usually the last certificate is an end entity certificate, but it can be a CA certificate. A PKIX CertPathBuilder instance must not build paths longer than the length specified.

A value of 0 implies that the path can only contain a single certificate. A value of -1 implies that the path length is unconstrained (i.e. there is no maximum). The default maximum path length, if not specified, is 5. Setting a value less than -1 will cause an exception to be thrown.

If any of the CA certificates contain the BasicConstraintsExtension, the value of the pathLenConstraint field of the extension overrides the maximum path length parameter whenever the result is a certification path of smaller length.

Parameters
maxPathLengththe maximum number of non-self-issued intermediate certificates that may exist in a certification path
Throws
InvalidParameterExceptionif maxPathLength is set to a value less than -1
Sets the PolicyMappingInhibited flag. If this flag is true, policy mapping is inhibited. By default, policy mapping is not inhibited (the flag is false).
Parameters
valtrue if policy mapping is to be inhibited, false otherwise
Sets the PolicyQualifiersRejected flag. If this flag is true, certificates that include policy qualifiers in a certificate policies extension that is marked critical are rejected. If the flag is false, certificates are not rejected on this basis.

When a PKIXParameters object is created, this flag is set to true. This setting reflects the most common (and simplest) strategy for processing policy qualifiers. Applications that want to use a more sophisticated policy must set this flag to false.

Note that the PKIX certification path validation algorithm specifies that any policy qualifier in a certificate policies extension that is marked critical must be processed and validated. Otherwise the certification path must be rejected. If the policyQualifiersRejected flag is set to false, it is up to the application to validate all policy qualifiers in this manner in order to be PKIX compliant.

Parameters
qualifiersRejectedthe new value of the PolicyQualifiersRejected flag
Sets the RevocationEnabled flag. If this flag is true, the default revocation checking mechanism of the underlying PKIX service provider will be used. If this flag is false, the default revocation checking mechanism will be disabled (not used).

When a PKIXParameters object is created, this flag is set to true. This setting reflects the most common strategy for checking revocation, since each service provider must support revocation checking to be PKIX compliant. Sophisticated applications should set this flag to false when it is not practical to use a PKIX service provider's default revocation checking mechanism or when an alternative revocation checking mechanism is to be substituted (by also calling the addCertPathChecker or setCertPathCheckers methods).

Parameters
valthe new value of the RevocationEnabled flag
Sets the signature provider's name. The specified provider will be preferred when creating Signature objects. If null or not set, the first provider found supporting the algorithm will be used.
Parameters
sigProviderthe signature provider's name (or null)
Sets the required constraints on the target certificate. The constraints are specified as an instance of CertSelector. If null, no constraints are defined.

Note that the CertSelector specified is cloned to protect against subsequent modifications.

Parameters
selectora CertSelector specifying the constraints on the target certificate (or null)
Sets the Set of most-trusted CAs.

Note that the Set is copied to protect against subsequent modifications.

Parameters
trustAnchorsa Set of TrustAnchors
Throws
InvalidAlgorithmParameterExceptionif the specified Set is empty (trustAnchors.isEmpty() == true)
NullPointerExceptionif the specified Set is null
ClassCastExceptionif any of the elements in the set are not of type java.security.cert.TrustAnchor
Returns a formatted string describing the parameters.
Return
a formatted string describing the parameters
Causes current thread to wait until another thread invokes the method or the method for this object. In other words, this method behaves exactly as if it simply performs the call wait(0).

The current thread must own this object's monitor. The thread releases ownership of this monitor and waits until another thread notifies threads waiting on this object's monitor to wake up either through a call to the notify method or the notifyAll method. The thread then waits until it can re-obtain ownership of the monitor and resumes execution.

As in the one argument version, interrupts and spurious wakeups are possible, and this method should always be used in a loop:

     synchronized (obj) {
         while (<condition does not hold>)
             obj.wait();
         ... // Perform action appropriate to condition
     }
 
This method should only be called by a thread that is the owner of this object's monitor. See the notify method for a description of the ways in which a thread can become the owner of a monitor.
Throws
IllegalMonitorStateExceptionif the current thread is not the owner of the object's monitor.
InterruptedExceptionif another thread interrupted the current thread before or while the current thread was waiting for a notification. The interrupted status of the current thread is cleared when this exception is thrown.
Causes current thread to wait until either another thread invokes the method or the method for this object, or a specified amount of time has elapsed.

The current thread must own this object's monitor.

This method causes the current thread (call it T) to place itself in the wait set for this object and then to relinquish any and all synchronization claims on this object. Thread T becomes disabled for thread scheduling purposes and lies dormant until one of four things happens:

  • Some other thread invokes the notify method for this object and thread T happens to be arbitrarily chosen as the thread to be awakened.
  • Some other thread invokes the notifyAll method for this object.
  • Some other thread interrupts thread T.
  • The specified amount of real time has elapsed, more or less. If timeout is zero, however, then real time is not taken into consideration and the thread simply waits until notified.
The thread T is then removed from the wait set for this object and re-enabled for thread scheduling. It then competes in the usual manner with other threads for the right to synchronize on the object; once it has gained control of the object, all its synchronization claims on the object are restored to the status quo ante - that is, to the situation as of the time that the wait method was invoked. Thread T then returns from the invocation of the wait method. Thus, on return from the wait method, the synchronization state of the object and of thread T is exactly as it was when the wait method was invoked.

A thread can also wake up without being notified, interrupted, or timing out, a so-called spurious wakeup. While this will rarely occur in practice, applications must guard against it by testing for the condition that should have caused the thread to be awakened, and continuing to wait if the condition is not satisfied. In other words, waits should always occur in loops, like this one:

     synchronized (obj) {
         while (<condition does not hold>)
             obj.wait(timeout);
         ... // Perform action appropriate to condition
     }
 
(For more information on this topic, see Section 3.2.3 in Doug Lea's "Concurrent Programming in Java (Second Edition)" (Addison-Wesley, 2000), or Item 50 in Joshua Bloch's "Effective Java Programming Language Guide" (Addison-Wesley, 2001).

If the current thread is interrupted by another thread while it is waiting, then an InterruptedException is thrown. This exception is not thrown until the lock status of this object has been restored as described above.

Note that the wait method, as it places the current thread into the wait set for this object, unlocks only this object; any other objects on which the current thread may be synchronized remain locked while the thread waits.

This method should only be called by a thread that is the owner of this object's monitor. See the notify method for a description of the ways in which a thread can become the owner of a monitor.

Parameters
timeoutthe maximum time to wait in milliseconds.
Throws
IllegalArgumentExceptionif the value of timeout is negative.
IllegalMonitorStateExceptionif the current thread is not the owner of the object's monitor.
InterruptedExceptionif another thread interrupted the current thread before or while the current thread was waiting for a notification. The interrupted status of the current thread is cleared when this exception is thrown.
Causes current thread to wait until another thread invokes the method or the method for this object, or some other thread interrupts the current thread, or a certain amount of real time has elapsed.

This method is similar to the wait method of one argument, but it allows finer control over the amount of time to wait for a notification before giving up. The amount of real time, measured in nanoseconds, is given by:

 1000000*timeout+nanos

In all other respects, this method does the same thing as the method of one argument. In particular, wait(0, 0) means the same thing as wait(0).

The current thread must own this object's monitor. The thread releases ownership of this monitor and waits until either of the following two conditions has occurred:

  • Another thread notifies threads waiting on this object's monitor to wake up either through a call to the notify method or the notifyAll method.
  • The timeout period, specified by timeout milliseconds plus nanos nanoseconds arguments, has elapsed.

The thread then waits until it can re-obtain ownership of the monitor and resumes execution.

As in the one argument version, interrupts and spurious wakeups are possible, and this method should always be used in a loop:

     synchronized (obj) {
         while (<condition does not hold>)
             obj.wait(timeout, nanos);
         ... // Perform action appropriate to condition
     }
 
This method should only be called by a thread that is the owner of this object's monitor. See the notify method for a description of the ways in which a thread can become the owner of a monitor.
Parameters
timeoutthe maximum time to wait in milliseconds.
nanosadditional time, in nanoseconds range 0-999999.
Throws
IllegalArgumentExceptionif the value of timeout is negative or the value of nanos is not in the range 0-999999.
IllegalMonitorStateExceptionif the current thread is not the owner of this object's monitor.
InterruptedExceptionif another thread interrupted the current thread before or while the current thread was waiting for a notification. The interrupted status of the current thread is cleared when this exception is thrown.